Photo Scavenger Hunt: Week 3

The following photos contain a black marker to ensure that I took the photos myself.

Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination of the two under anaerobic conditions. Basically, fermentation is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Beer, wine, and cider are some alcoholic beverages that are produced through the process of fermentation.

Most plants produce either a taproot system in which there is a single root with smaller branch roots, or a fibrous root system in which there are many smaller roots of similar diameter. Some plants, however, have modified roots with specific functions in addition to those of anchorage and absorption. An example of modified roots are radishes because they produce, at intervals, many extra parenchyma cells that store large quantities of carbohydrates.

Xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue in vascular plants. It is derived from the Greek word xylon which means "wood". The best-known xylem tissue is wood, though it is found throughout the plant. Its basic function is to transport water, but it also transports some nutrients through the plant. These roots in the picture above transport water and nutrients to the tree.

A dandelion is an example of a C3 plant.  A C3 plant is a plant in which the carbon dioxide is first fixed into a compound containing three carbon atoms before entering the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis. C3 plants should be in areas containing high-concentrated carbon dioxide, moderate light intensity and temperature, and abundant ground water.

This is a gymnosperm leaf (pine tree leaf). Leaves of gymnospermous plants are extremely variable. Most gymnosperms are evergreen, with leaves lasting more than one growing season. Others are deciduous and drop their leaves at the end of every growing season.

Ethylene is an organic compound. It is a colorless, flammable gas with a faint " sweet and musky" odor when pure. Ethylene is widely used in chemical industry, and its worldwide production exceeds that of any other organic compound. It is also an important natural plant hormone, used in agriculture to force the ripening of fruits. Blackberries require ethylene in order to ripen.

A long-day plant is a plant that flowers only after being exposed to light periods longer than a certain critical length, as in summer. Lettuce, spinach, and some varieties of wheat are long-day plants.

Sporophyte is the spore-producing phase in the life-cycle of a plant that exhibits alternation of generations. Pine trees and fir trees are both examples.