Cuticle layer of a plant

                                                                        CUTICLE LAYER OF A PLANT

The cuticles of a plant are a protective waxy covering the leaves that helps prevent dessication which is the process of plants losing water to the air.  This boxwood plant is an example.



                                                                                        EUKARYOTES

 

 

 

Are organisms made up of the cells that possess a membrane-bound nucleus (that holds genetic material) as well as membrane-bound organelles.  Genetic material in eukaryotes is contained within a nucleus within the cell and DNA is organize into chromosomes.  All animals are eukaryotes.

                                                                                             EXOSKELETON

 

 

 

Is the external skeleton that supports and protects an animals body.  Such as in this cricket.

 

 

 

 

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

 

 

 

 

 

Plant takes in oxegen as part of this process and releases carbon dioxide.  The process is creating cell energy.  This tree is an example.

 

 

 

COMMENSALISM

 

 

 

 

A relation between two kinds of organisms in which one obtains food or other benefits from the other without damaging or benefiting it.  The clown fish and anemone are an example.

 

 

 

LIPID USED FOR ENERGY STORAGE

 

 

 

 

Are molecules that contain hydrocarbons and make up the building blocks of the structure and function of living cells.  Lipids contain a lot of calories in a small space.  Oil is an example.

 

 

 

XYLEM

 

 

 

 

 

  The supporting and water-conducting tissue of vascular plants, consisting primarily of tracheids and vessels, woody tissue.  This tree stump is an example.  the xylem is the interior part of this log.

 

 

 

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

 

 

 

 

Cover the whole surface of the body.  It is made up of cells closely packed and ranged in one or more layers.  This tissue is specialize to form the covering lining of all internal and external body surfaces.  My sister's hand is an example.

 

 

 

ANIMAL THAT HAS A SEGMENTED BODY

 

 

 

Is when the body is divided into segments were the segments piggyback one another.  Each body segment tends to repeat the same suite of structures, often a slight variation down the length of the animal.  Usually sets of segments are grouped into a larger unit, such as the abdomen.  Such as in the star fish and this cricket.

 

 

 

 

ANALOGOUS STRUCTURE

 

 

 

 

 

Are features of different species that are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and which do not derive from a common ancestral feature and which evolved in response to a similar environmental challenge.  Birds and insects have wings but different structures.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hetrotroph

                                                                                      HETROTROPH

An organism that cannot manufacture it's own food and instead obtains its food and energy by taking in organic substances, usually a plant or animal matter.  All animals are hetrotrophs. 



                                                                                                    FROND

 

 

 

A large leaf (especially of a palm or fern)  usally with many division.  The palm plant is an example.

 

 

 

 

UNICELLULAR ORGANISM

 

 

 

 

An organism that consists of only one cell.  Yeast is an example.

 

 

 

C4 PLANT

 

 

 

A C4 plant is better adapted than a C3 plant in an environment with high daytime temperatures, intense sunlight, drought, or nitrogen limitation.    This cactus plant is an example.

 

 

 

LONG DAY PLANT

 

 

 

 

 

A plant that flowers only after being exposed to light periods longer than a certain critical length, as in summer.  Lettuce is an example of such a plant.

 

 

 

MYCELIUM

 

 

 

 

The mass of fine branching tubes that formsthe main growing structure of a fungus.  Visible structures like mushrooms are reproductive structures produce by mycelium.

 

 

 

AUTOTROPH

 

 

 

 

Is any plant that uses photosynthesis which means it makes it's own food.  This tree is an example.

 

 

 

CAMBIUM

 

 

 

The vascular cambium is a lateral meristem in the vascular tissue of plants.  It is a cylinder of specialized meristematic cells that divide to give rise to cells that further divide, differiantiate and specialize to form the secondary vascular tissues.  It is the part that sticks out on this tree log. 

 

 

 

POPULATION

 

 

 

 

 

A population is all the organisms of the same group or species who live in the same geographical area and one capable of interbreeding.  My cheer group is an example of a population.

 

 

 

NICHE

 

 

 

 

 

 

Is a term describing the way of life of a species.  Each species is thought to have a seperate, unique niche.  These snails are in their niche.

 

 

 

 

TROPISM

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The turning or bending movement of an organism or a plant toward or away from an external stimulus, such as heat, light, or gravity.  This plant is beding towards the light.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                                                              

Bilateral symmetry

BILATERAL SYMMETRY

 

 

Many animals have a body that is symmetrical, meaning that it could be divided into matching halves by drawing a line down the center.  This sand dollar is an example of bilateral symmetry.

                                                                         STIGMA AND STYLE OF CARPEL

 

 

The stigma is the sticky, receptive tip of a carpel, or of several fused carpels.  The stigma receives pollen at pollenation and it is on the stigma that the pollen grain germinates.  Style connects the stigma to the ovary.   This flower respresents this.

 

 

 

C3 PLANT

 

 

 

 

 A plant that  utilizes the C3 carbon fixation pathway as the sole mechanism to convert carbon dioxide into an organic compound.  About 85% of plant species are C3 plants.  Rice is an example.

 

 

 

 

GIBBERELLINS

 

 

Gibberellins are a group of diterprnoid acids that function as plant growth regulators, influencing a range of development processess in higher plants including stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowers, sex expression, enzyme induction and leaf and fruit senescene.  Grapes are an example.

 

 

PREDATION

 

 

 

 

A relationship between two spieces of animals in a community, in which one (the predator) hunts, kills, and eats the other (the prey).

This snake is an example of the predator.

 

 

RADIAL SYMMETRY

 

 

Symmetrical arrangement of parts of an organism around a single main axis, so that the organism can be divided into similar halves by any plane that contains the main axis  This starfish is an example.

 

 

 

HOMOLOGUS STRUCTURE

 

 

 

 

Structures derived from a common ancestor or same evolutionary or development origin.  The dogs leg/paw and the human arm/hand are examples.

 

 

 

MERISTEM

 

 

 

 

 

Region of cells capable of division and growth in plants.

 

 

 

 

 

 

EUBACTERIA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 A large group of bacteria having rigid cell walls, motile types have flagella.  Means true bacteria which basically means that all bacteria are eubacteria except of the archaebacteria.  Yougurt is an example of eubacteria.

 

 

 

 

 

 

ENDOTHERM

 

 

 

So called warm blooded animals, that is, those that maintain a constant body temperature independent of the environment.  The endotherms primarily include the birds and mammals.

 

 

PARENCHYMA CELLS

 

 

 

 

 

 

Are usually depicted as the typical plant cell because they are not very specialized.  These cells synthesize and store organic products in the plant.  Most of the plant's metabolism takes place in these cells.  This floral root system is an example.

 

 

 

 

OVARY

 

 

 

 

 

 

Enlarged basal portion of th pistil, the female organ of a flower.  The ovary contains ovules which develop into seeds upon fertilization.  It will mature into a fruit, either dry and parchmentlike or fleshy, enclosing the seeds.  This apple is an example.

 

 

 

 

ECTOTHERM

 

 

 

 

 

 

An organism that regulates it's body temperature largely with exchanging heat with it's surroundings.  These fish are an example.

 

 

 

 

CAM PLANT

 

 

 

 

 

 

Any plant that undergoes a form of photosynthesis known as crassulacean acid metabolism, in which carbon dioxide is taken up only at night.  This cactus is an example.

 

 

 

 

HYDROPHILIC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Having an affinity for water, readily absorbing or dissolving in water.  Salt is an example.

 

 

 

 

 

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

 

 

 

 

 

Is the formation of new individuals from the cell(s) or a single parent.  This coral is an example.

 

 

 

DETRITIVORE

 

 

 

 

An organism that feeds on detritus or organic waste.  This mealworm is an example.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Modified leaf of a plant

 

MODIFIED LEAF OF A PLANT-  

  The flowers of the poinsettia plant are the yellow clustered buds in the center.  The colored leafy parts are actually bracts or modified leaves.

 

 

FERMENTATION-

 

An anaerobic(without oxygen)  cellular process in which organic foods are converted into simpler compounds and chemical energy (ATP) is produced.  Wine is an example.

PHLOEM-

In vascular plants, phloem is the living tissue that carries organic nutrients, particularly sucrose to all parts of the plant when needed.  In trees the phloem is the innermost layer of the bark.

Amnoitic Egg

AMNIOTIC EGG-

The type of egg produced by reptiles, birds, and prototherian mammals, in which the embryo develops inside an amnion.  The shell of the egg is either calcium based or leathery.

 

HYDROPHOBIC-

 

Lacking an affinity for water, insoluble in water, repelling water.  Olive oil is an example.

 

RHIZOME-  A horizontal, usually underground stem that often sends out roots and shoots from its nodes.  Asparagus is an example.

 

 

HERMAPHRODITE-

 

Bisexual or perfect flowers have both male and female reproductive units including stamens, carpels, and an ovary.  A rose is an example.

 

 

 

 

POLLEN-

 

Is the way that plants reproduce.  Pollen is spread by the wind from flower to flower.

 

Gymnosperm cone

                      Gymnosperm Cone-

                                        A gymnopserm cone is the gametophyte of the plant.

 

 

Gymnosperm leaf-  

 

are seed bearing plants that lack the combination of specialize features that characterize the flowering plant.  The seeds are not enclosed within fruits. 

 

 

 

 

 

Modified Stem of a Plant-

 

the root of the ginger plant is actually an underground rhizome, a type of modified stem.  Ginger root grows just below the surface of the ground, producing plum, branching tuberous growths.

 

 

 

Mycelium-

 

the mass of fine branching tubes that forms the main growing structure of a fungus.  Visible structures like mushrooms are reproductive structures produced by the mycelium.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ethylene-

 

Ethylen gas is the ripening agent that occurs naturally in nature.  It causes fruits to ripen and decay.  A colorless gas making a sweet taste.  Strawberries are an example.